How to Diagnose and Treat ADHD
Many people believe that ADHD is only a condition of children, however it can affect adults too. If diagnosed and treated for ADHD the patient can live a better life.
Interviewing the individual and their family members can be a part of a diagnostic for ADHD. The specialist might review old school records to determine if symptoms started in childhood.
Signs and symptoms
Everyone struggles with concentration and staying organized from time to time However, for those who has ADHD the issues can be a hindrance with work, school and even home life. To be diagnosed with the disorder, a person must show signs of major impairment in at least two of these areas and show that the symptoms significantly impair the daily functioning. The symptoms must be present for at least six months.
A doctor will inquire with the patient about their symptoms, as well as about any medical concerns and family history. They can also use rating systems to gauge symptoms in adults and children. These questionnaires are based on the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders Fifth Edition (DSM-5). They include questions about symptoms like inattention, hyperactivity and the tendency to be impulsive.
In adult patients, doctors may request a conversation with an intimate partner or others who are familiar with the patient. This isn't to question honesty, but to gain more insight into a person's behavior that can't be gleaned from a questionnaire. It is also possible to inquire about their childhood behavior, and look at old school records to see if the symptoms started prior to the age of 12.
Before making a diagnosis, the doctor will perform a physical exam and do lab tests to rule out any other health issues, like thyroid problems or head injuries which can trigger similar symptoms. The doctor will also review the patient's list of medications. Doctors will take into consideration the interaction between stimulants and specific medications prescribed for depression, high blood pressure, and other issues. This is why it's essential for adults to talk to their primary care providers when they suspect they have ADHD.
Diagnosis
To be diagnosed with ADHD the symptoms must be evident in at least two places (such as home, school and at work) and affect the functioning of the individual. The symptoms must have manifested before the age of 12 and cannot be caused by a different disorder like depression or anxiety.
A mental health professional uses different tools to assess the patient, including ADHD symptom lists as well as standardized scales of behaviour, and a detailed medical history. They may also interview family members or friends to determine what the symptoms have done to them. They'll inquire if the symptoms are similar to the symptoms of other psychiatric disorders or physical ailments.
The evaluators will look at whether the symptoms are severe or mild. They will also review the person's medical history and family history to determine if there is no underlying reason for their symptoms, such as thyroid disorders or head injuries, or medications.
In certain instances an examiner may decide to perform cognitive testing or request an imaging test to rule out any other possible causes for their symptoms, like learning disabilities, mood disorders, personality disorders and addiction to drugs. People with these problems tend to show different symptoms than those who do not have them. For example, boys tend to exhibit hyperactivity symptoms, whereas girls inattentive symptoms.
Many people with ADHD would like to participate in a clinical study to try out new treatments. This is an excellent opportunity to continue research. However, participants should be aware that the primary goal of these studies is scientific knowledge, not a guarantee of treatment. For more information on clinical trials, visit the NIMH's Clinical Trials fact sheet.
getting a adhd diagnosis
If you suspect you have ADHD seek out a specialist who is qualified to recognize the disorder. Check with your health insurance provider for confirmation if ADHD specialists are covered. You can also ask family doctors or other healthcare professionals for recommendations. Also, word-of mouth referrals are a great option.
A doctor will inquire with the patient or their parents in the case of children - about their issues. They can use standardized questionnaires or ADHD symptom checklists, and ask for information from other people in the person's life, such as spouses and family members. Personal insight can reveal more than can be gleaned from questionnaires.
Experts will also examine any documents from the past, and especially old reports. The diagnosis of ADHD is based on a person's history, and to be able to identify the condition, symptoms must have been present from the age of a child (technically prior to the age of 12).
Physical examinations are also typically performed. It is a way to identify any other medical problems that could be responsible for the symptoms, such as seizure disorders or thyroid problems. The specialist will typically conduct a neurological examination, which checks for coordination and motor control. Psychological tests, designed to assess intelligence and ability, might be used as well. A person may also be asked to perform simple computer tasks to test memory and attention. This could assist an expert determine if someone is hyperactive or inattentional. The specialist will then determine the diagnosis and recommend treatment. Typically, the treatment plan includes therapy and medication. Psychotherapy, or talk therapy, can teach adults and children healthy coping techniques and change unhelpful thinking patterns. The therapy can be offered by a primary physician or a mental health professional who is a specialist in adult ADHD.
Medication
Many people suffering from ADHD are helped by medication. However, this is not the only treatment for the condition. Children, teenagers and adults are also able to benefit from psychotherapy, behavioral therapy or a combination of both. These therapies aid them in coping and learn to live with their ADHD symptoms. They can include psychoeducation, which is an education about ADHD and ways to manage it. They can also include family members, teachers and professionals.
It is crucial to locate a mental health professional or health care provider who is experienced in treating ADHD. You can request recommendations from people who have ADHD or from a mental health provider you already know, or conduct an online search. It is best to locate a specialist who is familiar with your insurance plan.
The health professional will ask you or your child about the symptoms and issues caused by ADHD. adhd diagnosed will conduct a physical exam and check for other health issues that could cause similar symptoms. They will go over your your child's medical and family history, school records and other reports.
The American Psychiatric Association's (DSM-V), which is designed to diagnose children is more difficult diagnosis of ADHD in adults. Your health care provider will talk to you or your child about the signs and may also request other people who spend long periods of time with them to fill out questionnaires and checklists. They will use these to help them decide whether you or your child has inattentive ADHD, hyperactive-impulsive ADHD, combined ADHD or unspecified ADHD. The medications used to treat ADHD include stimulants, such as methylphenidate and lisdexamfetamine as well as non-stimulants such as atomoxetine, or other antidepressants. They help by increasing levels of brain chemicals, known as neurotransmitters.
Counseling
Many people suffering from ADHD suffer from comorbid disorders, such as anxiety or depression. The treatment should therefore include therapy that targets these issues. Some patients may benefit from cognitive behavioral therapy, which teaches abilities like time and task management, emotional self-regulation and impulse control.
In addition, therapists can assist patients in managing their symptoms through lifestyle changes. Regular exercise can help reduce hyperactivity and improve concentration. A healthy diet is crucial too. People suffering from ADHD tend eat more fat and sugar, and less fruits and vegetables. Also, making family and social relationships prioritizing relationships can reduce stress levels and allow people to feel more in control of their lives.
A diagnosis of ADHD can help children and adults better comprehend their difficulties. A child suffering from ADHD might have difficulty communicating their requirements to teachers or their peers. Once a teacher realizes that this is not an individual issue or because of a lack of time, they can make accommodations.
A professional evaluating ADHD will ask questions that are geared to the person's age, interview family and teachers, read medical files, and check for any comorbidities. For adults, records from school could be helpful in determining if the ADHD symptoms began before adulthood.
A physical exam is typically included, and the specialist will likely test for hearing and vision problems. He or she will also conduct a blood test to look for certain hormones as well as other health issues that may cause symptoms similar to ADHD.